IDENTIFICATION OF Phaeoisariopsis griseola PATHOTYPES FROM FIVE STATES IN BRAZIL
نویسنده
چکیده
Due to the increased importance of angular leaf spot of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Brazil, monitoring the pathogenic variability of its causal agent (Phaeoisariopsis griseola) is the best strategy for a breeding program aimed at developing resistant genotypes. Fifty one isolates of P. griseola collected in five Brazilian States were tested on a set of 12 international differential cultivars in the greenhouse. When inoculated plants showed symptoms but no sporulation was observed, they were transferred to a moist chamber for approximately 20-24 h. After this period of time, if no sporulation was observed, the plants were considered resistant; otherwise, they were considered susceptible. From the fifty-one tested isolates, seven different pathotypes were identified. No Andean pathotypes were identified; consequently, all isolates were classified as Middle American pathotypes. Pathotype 63-31 was the most widespread. Pathotype 63-63 overcame resistance genes present in all differential cultivars and also the resistance gene(s) present in the cultivar AND 277. This fact has important implications for breeding angular leaf spot resistance in beans, and suggests that searching for new resistance genes to angular leaf spot must be pursued. Additional key words: common bean, angular leaf spot, physiologic races, disease resistance. RESUMO Identificação de patótipos de Phaeoisariopsis griseola de cinco Estados do Brasil Devido ao aumento da importância da mancha angular do feijoeiro comum (Phaseolus vulgaris) no Brasil, o monitoramento da variabilidade patogênica do seu agente causal (Phaeoisariopsis griseola) é uma estratégia a ser seguida em um programa de melhoramento objetivando o desenvolvimento de genótipos resistentes. Cinqüenta e um isolados de P. griseola coletados em cinco estados brasileiros foram testados em um conjunto de 12 cultivares diferenciadoras internacional em casa de vegetação. Quando as plantas apresentaram sintomas, mas não esporulação, elas foram transferidas para câmara úmida por aproximadamente 20-24 h. Se após este período, não foi observada esporulação, as plantas foram consideradas resistentes, caso contrário, suscetíveis. Dos cinqüenta e um isolados testados foram identificados sete patótipos. Não foi identificado patótipo Andino; conseqüentemente, todos os isolados foram classificados como Mesoamericanos. Dentre os patótipos identificados neste estudo, o patótipo 63-31 foi o que apresentou a maior distribuição. O patótipo 63-63 “quebrou” a resistência de todos os genes presentes nas cultivares diferenciadoras e também o gene de resistência presente na cultivar AND 277. Este fato apresenta uma implicação importante nos programas de melhoramento para a mancha angular e sugere que a procura de novos genes de resistência à doença deve continuar.
منابع مشابه
Re-evaluating the taxonomic status of Phaeoisariopsis griseola, the causal agent of angular leaf spot of bean
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تاریخ انتشار 2002